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Durban: Climate Change Conference Agrees Roadmap for a Binding International Climate Change Agreement

Dezember 2011 - After long and drawn-out negotiations, the Climate Change Conference in Durban (COP/MOP 17) agreed a roadmap for a binding climate change agreement between all states. German Environment Minister Röttgen welcomed the Durban Package as a “huge milestone in securing an international climate change regime”. Of particular importance is the decision to begin work immediately on drafting an international climate change agreement that will be binding for all countries, the minister stressed. This provided the basis for the Conference to agree a second commitment period for the Kyoto Protocol, the first commitment period of which expires at the end of 2012. This second commitment period will end in either 2017 or 2020. In addition, an action plan will be devised to enhance climate change mitigation and increase states’ emission reduction activities until such time as a binding agreement has been reached. Operationalization of the green climate fund to finance climate change mitigation and adaptation measures in developing countries was also agreed in Durban. The Durban Package also includes the establishment of structures for an Adaptation Committee and a Climate Technology Centre and Network.

New market-based mechanism agreed, but rules remain unclear

Little progress was achieved in the debate on the creation of new market mechanisms. While the EU stressed its preference for market-based mechanisms, developing countries reiterated their fears that sectoral mechanisms will force them onto a slippery slope which will ultimately lead to binding emission reduction targets. In the end, negotiators agreed that a new market-based mechanism would be developed. Its rules were deferred to the next COP, however.

CDM development and enhancement

With regard to the CDM, the Conference of the Parties decided, among other things, procedures to allow CSS projects to be conducted as CDM activities. The concept of materiality will also be integrated into the CDM. The issue of additionality, especially for large-scale projects, remained a point of contention: negotiators were only able to agree a vague evaluation mandate for the CDM Executive. By way of contrast, progress was made regarding the structure of the loan scheme for the development of projects in under-represented countries. The CMP agreed to designate management of the system to the UN Office for Project Services (UNOPS).

A detailed assessment of the Durban Summit will be published in the JIKO Newsletter early 2012.

BMU Side Event

On 1 December, the German Environment Ministry hosted a side event in the EU Pavilion. Among other things, it showcased projects to support the CDM in Africa along with measures to promote the Programmes of Activities.

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